From the perspective of classical orthopedic dentistry, there are two fundamental methods for dental arch restoration: tooth restoration and tooth prosthetics. Restoration is akin to the work of a restorer, aimed at maximal preservation of the original. It is typically performed in cases of partial tooth loss. Two main methods are used: making dental inlays and placing crowns (caps), onto which artificial teeth are subsequently "grown". Prosthetics, specifically, encompass a much wider range of possible options. Here are the most well-known among them:

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• Removable dentures. Today, the fabrication of removable dentures differs significantly in terms of materials and technologies from the past, particularly in terms of aesthetic construction. Whereas previously, "false teeth" might have evoked regret, today they are among the most widespread and relatively comfortable constructions. The reason is simple: they strike a good balance of parameters: price/quality/aesthetic appeal. The main types of removable dentures include full or partial plastic dentures (known as "plate dentures"), removable arch dentures, removable small dentures (a type of cosmetic denture), and some partially removable dentures. In the simplest case, a removable denture consists of a plastic base that mimics the gum contour, into which plastic teeth are set. However, it must be remembered that each such denture is unique in terms of shape, materials, and construction, as it is made specifically for each patient. There are dozens of material options and combinations used for making removable dentures, each with hundreds of structural nuances. The drawback of removable dentures is the daily need to remove them to ensure proper oral cavity and denture hygiene and maintenance.

• Fixed dentures. Fixed dentures are relatively popular among middle-aged individuals because, after losing individual teeth, this method allows for relatively inexpensive and effective restoration of the dental arch, as well as the normal function and external appearance of the dental arch. Modern technologies significantly expand not only the indications for this type of prosthetics but also allow for various methods of restoring lost teeth.

• Dental arch prostheses. This involves prosthetics with an arch-shaped construction. The advantage of arch-shaped constructions is that the dental arch is stably and securely fixed, which is important both when teeth are lost and when treating periodontitis, requiring stable fixation of a moving tooth. Modern highly technological arch-shaped constructions are practically imperceptible to an observer from the side, enhancing their aesthetic appeal.

• Metal ceramics. Metal ceramic prostheses are almost always a type of fixed prosthetics. The advantages of metal ceramic prostheses include excellent external appearance and relatively low cost. The drawback is the frequent need to significantly grind down the tooth under the metal ceramic crown and the possibility of needing root canal treatment (pulpotomy) to insert it, which increases the strength of the tooth.